|
Paul Erdős ((ハンガリー語:Erdős Pál) (:ˈɛrdøːʃ ˈpaːl); 26 March 1913 – 20 September 1996) was a Hungarian mathematician. He was one of the most prolific mathematicians of the 20th century. He was known both for his social practice of mathematics (he engaged more than 500 collaborators) and for his eccentric lifestyle (''Time'' magazine called him ''The Oddball's Oddball''). pursued problems in combinatorics, graph theory, number theory, classical analysis, approximation theory, set theory, and probability theory.〔(Encyclopædia Britannica article )〕 ==Early life, education, life, and death== Paul Erdős was born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, on March 26, 1913.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Erdos biography )〕 He was the only surviving child of Anna and Lajos Erdős (formerly Engländer). His two sisters, aged 3 and 5, died a few days before he was born.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Paul Erdős )〕 His parents were both Jewish mathematics teachers from a vibrant intellectual community. His fascination with mathematics developed early—by the age of four, given a person’s age, he could calculate, in his head, how many seconds they had lived.〔Hoffman, p. 66.〕 Erdős later published several articles in it about problems in elementary plane geometry. In 1934, at the age of 21, he was awarded a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Budapest. Erdős's thesis advisor was Leopold Fejér (or Fejér Lipót), who was also the thesis advisor for John von Neumann, George Pólya, and Paul (Pál) Turán. Much of his family, including two of his aunts, two of his uncles, and his father died in Budapest during the Holocaust. His mother survived in hiding. He was living in America and working at the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study at the time. On September 20, 1996, at the age of 83, he had a heart attack and died while attending a conference in Warsaw. He never married and had no children. He is buried next to his mother and father in grave 17A-6-29 at Kozma Utcai Temető in Budapest.〔(grave 17A-6-29 )〕 For his epitaph, he suggested "I've finally stopped getting dumber." (Hungarian: ''"Végre nem butulok tovább"'').〔Hoffman, p. 3.〕 His life was documented in the film ''N Is a Number: A Portrait of Paul Erdős'', made while he was still alive, and posthumously in the book ''The Man Who Loved Only Numbers'' (1998). Erdős's name contains the Hungarian letter "ő" ("o" with double acute accent), but is often incorrectly written as ''Erdos'' or ''Erdös'' either "by mistake or out of typographical necessity".〔The full quote is "Note the pair of long accents on the "ő," often (even in Erdos's own papers) by mistake or out of typographical necessity replaced by "ö," the more familiar German umlaut which also exists in Hungarian.", from 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paul Erdős」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|